E. Milkeyev’s poetics in the context of experience of translation of Heine’s “Ein Fichtenbaum steht einsam” by his contemporaries (F. Tyutchev, M. Lermontov)

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Abstract:

The specifics of the national literary process of the 1820s — early 1840s remains a problematic field in the national philological science, which requires the accumulation of experience in specific studies involving regional material. E. Milkeyev (1815-1845), the poet of the generation of P. Yershov from Siberia, translates the text of Heinrich Heine’s “Ein Fichtenbaum steht einsam”, thereby integrating into the tradition of his artistic reception in Russian literature, in which the versions “From another side” of F. Tyutchev and “In the wild North...” of M. Lermontov are most important and polar (figuratively and thematically). The purpose of the presented research is to use the combination of elements of a system-holistic, structural-semiotic and culturological approach to the analysis of literary phenomena to determine the specific features of the poetics of E. Milkeyev in its relationship with the artistic intentions of the leading poets of Russian literature of the 1830s-1840s. It turns out that the mythological consciousness of E. Milkeyev records the biblical-Christian imagery in the translation of Heinrich Heine’s text. The rhetorical and didactic orientation of the poem, its complexly organized literary space accomplish the exit of the symbolic potential of the German original into a supra-individual transcendental sphere. This correlates with the poetic orientation of F. Tyutchev and philosophical romantic school. However, other artistic and aesthetic tasks do not make the translation of E. Milkeyev the symbol-sign, which was characteristic of “allegorical landscapes” by M. Yu. Lermontov. The article presents for the first time a comparative analysis of the poetics of E. Milkeyev, F. Tyutchev, and M. Lermontov as representatives of a single historical and literary field through the sphere of translation.

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