Release:
2019, Vol. 5. №1About the author:
Irina Z. Shayakhmetova, Cand. Sci. (Hist.), Eastern Economics and Law Humanities Academy (Ufa); irina_shayakhmetova@mail.ruAbstract:
The article is devoted to the issues of food security in the daily activities of the municipal self-government bodies of the Southern Ural in 1870-1917. The supply of the cities in the region with food during this period halted repeatedly due to the crop failures and the arrival of refugees during the First World War and the Revolution in 1917. Ensuring food safety is the responsibility of the state and its authorities. City Dumas in 1870-1917, the elected temporary provisional committees of public organizations and city councils were considered by the population as part of the system of public administration, which predetermined the preferential appeal of citizens to local governments. The methods of the research are the following: comparative-historical, critical-analytical, problem-chronological, statistical, and descriptive. The systemic crisis in the country had a direct impact on the city councils and the content of their activities. The lack of financial independence from the state and at the same time the leveling of support from the state during the revolution and the war, the dependence on donations from individuals and bank loans served as a serious deterrent to City Dumas in solving current daily problems. However, the urban population, in the previous decades, having developed the habit of appeal to City Duma, literally besieged these municipal governments in search of food, fuel, etc. The challenge of food security was further complicated by the parallel existence of several municipal governments: pre-revolutionary City Dumas and their administrations, city councils and their executive committees. Their functions were determined by the practical tasks of the urban economy, as well as the need to address a number of social issues. However, in the implementation of the events mentioned above, there was a constant clash of interests of City Dumas and city councils and their administrative and executive bodies, which ultimately had a negative impact on the economy and population of the cities, in the interests of which each and every municipal government authorities acted.
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