Energy policy of soviet times (Main periods and their contents)

About the author:

Galina Y. Koleva,

Abstract:

In the article the three periods of Soviet power policy are observed, their time frames and the main contents of each of the periods are defined. The author of the article outlines basic distinctive features of each of the periods, taking into account such criteria as the main energy source of fuel and energy balance of the country, and the most important export item among the country’s energy resources. It is shown that for a long time in the Soviet energy policy the priority was given to coal, production rates of which prevailed over the pace of oil production during the first half of the 1920s and 1950s. A higher rate of coal mining in the mid-1950s was replaced by the growing rate of oil and gas production. The change of the priority from coal industry development to oil and gas production is associated with foreign policy factors, first of all, with relations with socialist countries. The author of the article reveals the special role of oil exports during the Soviet era.

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