Adaptation of the legal regulation of the institution of fatherhood to advances in medicine: history and modernity

About the author:

Victoria A. Mun, Cand. Sci. (Jur.). Associate Professor, Department of Theory and History of Law and State, Volgograd Institute of Management — Branch of Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Volgograd, Russia, mun-va@vlgr.ranepa.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3010-1094

Abstract:

The author examines the role of biomedical research in the legal regulation of establishing paternity in the Russian Federation in the period from the adoption of the first Family Code in 1918 to the present. It is noted that today this problem has acquired an interdisciplinary nature of research and is the subject of study of various fields of scientific knowledge, including historical, philosophical, social, biomedical, and legal sciences. Paying special attention to the relationship between law and medicine in matters of establishing paternity is conditioned by the inevitable consequences for all persons involved in this proceeding. The author comes to the conclusion that since the twentieth century to the present, medicine has undergone significant, qualitative changes in its development, methods of conducting examinations, technical support for DNA research, and personnel qualifications have been improved. However, the presence of such factors as: random coincidences, certain requirements for the collection of DNA samples of materials, the probability of identification, fragmentation of population-genetic materials — indicates that, in general, the expert opinion is presumptive.

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