Ecological Environment and Main Factors of Chemical Composition Production of the Nadym Region’s Small Lakes

About the authors:

Tatyana A. Kremleva, Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor, Department of Organic and Ecological Chemistry, University of Tyumen; t.a.kremleva@utmn.ru

Anastasia A. Yuzhanina, Master Student, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tyumen; yuzhanina_nastena95@mail.ru

Alexander S. Pechkin, Junior Researcher, Scientific Center for the Study of the Arctic (Nadym); a.pechkin.ncia@gmail.com

Elena V. Agbalian, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Chief Researcher, Head of the Sector, Scientific Center for the Study of the Arctic (Nadym); agbelena@yandex.ru

Abstract:

This paper presents the results of original research conducted jointly by the staff of the Center for the Study of the Arctic (Nadym) and University of Tyumen, aimed at studying the natural and man-made factors that determine the chemical composition of the waters of small lakes in the Arctic zone.

The authors present the integral characteristics of water and the data on the ionic composition and on the content of heavy metals. The latter and biochemical oxygen consumption (BOC₅) allow calculating water pollution index (WPI). The old river and thermokarst lakes have the lowest WPI values (1.0-3.1). They are the cleanest and correspond to the III and IV classes of water quality, while the lakes of the marsh type are the dirtiest (class IV-VII). To identify the correlations between the main indicators of the composition of water and the connection with the genesis of lakes, the authors used factor analysis (program Statistica 10) and the method of the main components.

According to the results of factor analysis, the authors have established that the content of dissolved organic matter in water bodies, in addition to the type of lakes, has a determining effect on the composition of waters. The first and most significant factor combined the water content of organic carbon and the following metals: lead, manganese, cadmium, iron, and copper. Zinc and nickel were not included in this group. The second factor, which has a slightly lower significance, unites the main ions; the third — various forms of nitrogen.

Based on the presented data, the authors concluded that the chemical composition of water is mainly formed under the influence of natural factors. Organic substances contribute to this process significantly enriching the aqueous medium with metal ions.

References:

1. Gagarina O. V. 2012. Otsenka i normirovaniye kachestva prirodnykh vod: kriterii, metody, sushchestvuyushchiye problemy: uchebno-metodicheskoye posobiye [Assessment and Regulation of the Quality of Natural Waters: Criteria, Methods, and Existing Problems: Teaching Guide]. Izhevsk: Udmurt State University.
2. Novikov S. M. (ed.). 2009. Gidrologiya zabolochennykh territoriy zony mnogoletney merzloty Zapadnoy Sibiri [Hydrology of Wetlands in the Permafrost Zone of Western Siberia]. Saint Petersburg: VVM.
3. Ivanov K. E., Novikov S. M. 1976. Bolota Zapadnoy Sibiri, ikh stroyeniye i gidrologicheskiy rezhim [Marshes of Western Siberia, Their Structure, and Hydrological Regime]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat.
4. Izmailova A. V. 2016. “Vodnyye resursy ozer Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Water Resources of Lakes of the Russian Federation]. Geography and Natural Resources, no 4, pp. 5-14.
5. Kirpotin S. N., Polishchuk Yu. M., Bryksina N. A. 2008. “Dinamika ploshchadey termokarstovykh ozer v sploshnoy i preryvistoy kriolitozonakh Zapadnoy Sibiri v usloviyakh global’nogo potepleniya” [Dynamics of Areas of Thermokarst Lakes in Continuous and Intermittent Cryolithozone of Western Siberia in the Context of Global Warming]. Tomsk State University Journal, no 133, pp. 185-189.
6. Kremleva T.A., Moiseenko T. I., Khoroshavin V. Yu., Shavnin A. A. 2012. “Geokhimicheskiye osobennosti prirodnykh vod Zapadnoy Sibiri: mikroelementnyy sostav” [Geochemical Features of Natural Waters of Western Siberia: The Trace Element Composition]. Tyumen State University Herald, no 12, pp. 80-89.
7. Kremleva T. A., Panicheva L. P., Shavnin A. A. et al. 2013. “Otsenka vliyaniya osnovnykh prirodnykh i antropogennykh faktorov na formirovaniye khimicheskogo sostava vod malykh ozer Zapadnoy Sibiri statisticheskimi metodami” [Assessment of the Influence of the Main Natural and Anthropogenic Factors on the Formation of the Chemical Composition of the Waters of Small Lakes in Western Siberia by Statistical Methods]. Tyumen State University Herald, no 5, pp. 7-21.
8. Kukushkin S. Yu. 2016. “Indikatory antropogennoy nagruzki na prirodno-territorial’nyye kompleksy pri osvoyenii neftegazokondensatnykh mestorozhdeniy severa Zapadnoy Sibiri” [Indicators of Anthropogenic Load on Natural Territorial Complexes during the Development of Oil and Gas Condensate Fields in the North of Western Siberia]. Cand. Sci. (Geogr.) diss. Saint Petersburg.
9. Lezin V. А. 2011. “Vodnyye resursy rek i ozer Tyumenskoy oblasti” [Water Resources of Rivers and Lakes of the Tyumen Region]. Tyumen State University Hearld, no 12, pp. 62-69.
10. Manasypov R. M., Kirpotin S. N., Pokrovsky O. S., Shirokova L. S. 2012. “Osobennosti elementnogo sostava ozernykh vod i makrofitov termokarstovykh ekosistem subarktiki Zapadnoy Sibiri” [Features of the Elemental Composition of Lake Waters and Macrophytes of Thermokarst Subarctic Ecosystems of Western Siberia]. Tomsk State University Journal. Biology, no 3 (19), pp 186-198.
11. Moiseenko T. I., Gashkina N. A., Dinu M. I., Khoroshavin V. Yu., Kremleva T. A. 2017. “Vliyaniye prirodnykh i antropogennykh faktorov na protsessy zakisleniya vod v gumidnykh regionakh” [The Influence of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors on the Processes of Water Acidification in Humid Regions]. Geochemistry, no 1, pp. 43-58.
12. Moiseenko T. I., Panicheva L. P., Dinu M. I., Kremleva T. A., Fefilov N. N. 2011. “Inaktivatsiya toksichnykh metallov v vodakh sushi gumusovymi veshchestvami” [Inactivation of Toxic Metals in Land Waters with Humus Substances]. Tyumen State University Herald, no 5, pp. 6-19.
13. Moiseenko T. I., Gashkina N. A. 2010. Formirovaniye khimicheskogo sostava vod ozer v usloviyakh izmeneniy okruzhayushchey sredy [Formation of the Chemical Composition of Lake Waters under Environmental Conditions]. Moscow: Nauka.
14. Panicheva L. P., Moiseenko T. I., Kremleva T. A., Volkova S. S. 2015. “Formirovaniye sostava organicheskikh veshchestv v malykh ozerakh Zapadnoy Sibiri” [Formation of the Composition of Organic Substances in Small Lakes in Western Siberia]. Tyumen State University Herald. Natural Resource Use and Ecology, vol. 1, no 1, pp. 151-163.
15. Rumyantsev V. A., Izmailova A. V., Kryukov L. N. 2018. “Sostoyaniye vodnykh resursov ozer arkticheskoy zony Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [State of Water Resources of the Lakes of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation]. Arctic and Antarctic Research, vol. 64, no 1, pp. 84-100. DOI: 10.30758/0555-2648-2018-64-1-84-100
16. Solonin Yu. G., Boyko E. R. 2015. “Mediko-fiziologicheskiye aspekty zhiznedeyatel’nosti v Arktike” [Medico-Physiological Aspects of Life in the Arctic]. Arctic: Ecology and Economy, no 1 (17), pp. 70-75.
17. Tygeev A. A. 2014. “Osobennosti pochvennogo pokrova basseyna reki KHyl’mig”yakha (Nadym-Purovskoye mezhdurech’ye)” [Peculiarities of the Soil Cover of the Khil’migyakh River Basin (Nadym-Purovskoe Interfluve)]. Tyumen State University Herald, no 4, pp. 39-48.
18. Shamilishvili G. A., Abakumov E. V., Pechkin A. S. 2016. “Osobennosti pochvennogo pokrova Nadymskogo rayona, YaNAO” [Features of the Soil Cover of the Nadym Region, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area]. Nauchnyy vestnik Yamalo-Nenetskogo avtonomnogo okruga. Ekologiya Arktiki, no 4 (93), pp. 12-15.