The Response of Model Test Objects to Oil Environmental Pollution

About the authors:

Galina A. Petukhova, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Professor, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Tyumen State University; gpetuhova1@mail.ru

Valentina V. Dmitrieva, Master Degree Student, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Tyumen State University; Assistant Microbiologist, Farmasintez-Tyumen; v.v.dmitrieva555@mail.ru

Viktoriya V. Zabrodina, Master Degree Student, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Tyumen State University; vduzeva@mail.ru

Elizaveta I. Strychkova, Undergraduate Student, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Tyumen State University; postmail1995@yandex.ru

Olga A. Efryugina, Undergraduate Student, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Tyumen State University; lelya_busy@mail.ru

Abstract:

Research of oil and its water-soluble fraction impact was carried out on the germinants of plants, drosophilas and water fleas. Soil contamination by oil in the concentration of 1% and 3% led to no significant changes in the germination of rump, a decrease in the germination of meadow clover only in 3% oil pollution and a decrease in the germination of fescue both in 1% and 3% concentrations. The content of Schiff bases in the cells of plants grown in contaminated soil was high, which indicates oil damage effect on cells level. The concentration of photosynthesis pigments, which provides energy for cells, increased in meadow clover cells and decreased in the cells of rump and fescue. The level of such important antioxidants as phenols rose in the cells of meadow clover and reduced in rump and fescue cells.

The viability of drosophilas and daphnias decreased due to oil pollution. The concentration of lipid peroxidation products in drosphilas was higher, which shows significant disorder in cells in the conditions of oil contamination. In turn, carotenoids defense system activated and restored appearing disturbances. The impact of the water-soluble fraction of oil on drosophilas led to embryotoxic effect, while viability and motion activity of daphnias was decreased.

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