Phenetic analysis of the animal population in the urban ecosystem

About the authors:

Alyona Yu. Levykh, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Biology, Geography, and Methods of Teaching, University of Tyumen (Ishim Branch); aljurlev@mail.ru

Galina G. Puzynina, Cand. Biol. Sci., Associate Professor, Department of Biology and Technique of its Teaching, Ershov Ishim State Teachers Training Institute

Abstract:

In the given work the integrated influence of the factors of urbanization on the phenetic structure of populations of firebugs (Pyrrhocoris apterus L.) and small mammals — red-backed voles (Clethrionomys rutilus P.) and common shrew (Sorex araneus L.) is analyzed. In the populations of firebugs in Ishim the increase in phonetic variability and, accordingly, the frequency of the development of rare phenes of the drawings on their backs according to the increase of anthropogenic load is shown. The population groups of small mammals, living on the territory of a forest park within the city boundaries, differ from the control ones by the frequencies of phenes of nonmetrical characters of skulls. The integrated influence of the factors of urbanization leads to strengthening of intraspecific differentiation of populations of small mammals. Phenetic distances (MMD) between the selections of small mammals from the forest park and the relic habitat not far from the city (16 kilometers), calculated according to the complex of 25 characters for the red-backed voles and 9 characters for the common shrew, twice exceed the level defined for rather isolated intrapopulation settlements of the red-backed vole within the continuous area and correspond to the level of the nearest populations isolated by a 30-40-km landscape and geographical barrier.

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